[硕士论文] 三相电压型PWM整流器研究 [复制链接]

资料简介：
硕士学位论文 三相电压型PWM整流器研究，正文共72页。

ABSTRACT

With the power electronics equipment widely used, vast harmonic and var inject into power system. Vast harmonic do harm to power system and electric appliance. To solve the harmonic “pollution”, there has two fundmental ways: one is to install harmonic compensation equipment to compensate harmonic; the other is to reconstruct the power electronics equipment, which produce no harmonic.

With the fast developing technology of green energy ,an ever—enhanced attention has been focused to the PWM rectifier in the field of power electronics. PWM rectifier might become an ideal electric appliance or a linkage between power system and other electric facilities, characterized of pollution—free and adjustable power factor.

PWM rectifier can be classified into voltage source PWM rectifier(VSR) and current source PWM rectifier(CSR) .Voltage source PWM rectifier have some virtues, such as simple structure, low wastage, convenience control. So it became the emphasis in the PWM rectifier study all the while. In the paper the operation principle and topology structure is introduced in detail, and mathematics model of voltage source PWM rectifier is analyzed too. Aimed at the dual loops control, voltage outer loop and current inner loop, generally adopted in the control system design of voltage source PWM rectifier, design method of current loop and voltage loop is given. Whereas AC side inductor and DC side capacitor play an important role in the operation of the whole system, design method of the parameters of AC side inductor and DC side capacitor is presented under condition which meet various operation target.

Based on the compare of each current control technology and combining the merit of each current control method ,a new current control technology, which is based on SVPWM with constant frequency and hysteresis loop ,is presented, it has the virtue of low switching wastage、fast current response and high voltage utility.

In order to validate the control method, a minitype hardware platform of voltage source PWM rectifier is designed and putted up. Design and calculation method of each part of the hardware platform is described in detail in the paper, which is edifying and instructive to the actual engineering design.

Based on finishing the hardware experiment, the whole system is emulated by MATLAB/SIMULINK, experiment and simulation results verify the validity of the design scheme.

Key words: Harmonic Voltage Source PWM Rectifier Pulse Width Modulation Constant frequency and hysteresis loop



1 绪论

1.1 电力电子学及整流器的发展

电力电子学（Power Electronics）或电力电子技术是一门综合了电子技术、电力技术、控制技术的新兴交叉学科。利用半导体电力开关器件组成电力开关电路，利用晶体管集成电路和微处理器芯片构成信号处理和控制系统，对电力开关电路进行实时、适式的控制，可以经济有效地实现开关模式的电力变换和控制，包括电压（电流）的大小、频率、相位和波形的变换和控制[1]。

电力电子器件是电力电子技术的基础和源头。自从第一支晶闸管问世，电力电子器件和应用技术的发展已有近 50 年的历史。电力电子器件的发展经历了不控和半控器件、电流全控器件、电压全控器件和功率集成电路(Power IC)等若干阶段。从最初的汞弧器件到目前的硅半导体器件，器件的体积减小了3 到4 个数量级；大功

率时的开关时间从毫秒级降到了微秒级，低功率时甚至达到了纳秒级；工作频率从50Hz 增加到兆赫级；变流器的功率水平从微伏安提高到几百兆伏安；封装与制造技术从单片微电子芯片制造技术直至用到高电压技术。

整流器作为最早成功运用的电力电子装置，主要作用是将交流变换成直流。由于在很多场合需要运用到直流，因而整流器得到了极其广泛的应用，在电力电子学中占有重要的一席之地。但在很长的一段时间，几乎所有的整流器都是采用二极管不控整流电路或晶闸管相控整流电路，一方面是当时全控型开关器件技术还不够成熟，另一方面新颖的整流器拓扑结构和整流器理论还没有建立，以至于整流器往往被人们看作是一种很简单的电力电子装置，因为单从电路结构和控制的复杂程度上看似乎并不复杂。不过由于这种整流器简单可靠，加之成本低廉，直至今日在各种领域仍在大量的使用着。但这种整流器会对电网注入大量的谐波及无功，造成了严重的电网“污染”。治理这种电网“污染”最根本的措施就是要求变流装置实现网侧电流正弦化，且运行于单位功率因数。随着电网的“污染”越来越严重，作为电网主要“污染”源的整流器，越来越受到学术界的关注，并开展了大量的研究工作。

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